A few months back, some economists cited in the Wall Street Journal were quoted as saying that if/when oil hits $125 to $150 we go into recession. Now we are at $125. Some say the increase is a result of the weak dollar. A study by Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, however, shows that the price increase is less for the Euro, but nevertheless a major increase:

http://dallasfed.org/research/energy/en0802.cfm

For the last 3 years, global oil production has pretty much plateaued at 86 million barrels per day (a tad over one cubic mile of oil per year). Many say that oil production has peaked: ASPO Ireland, Matthew Simmons, the late Samsam Bakhtiari, T. Boone Pickens, the German based Energy Watch Group, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (who else did I miss???), and now Daniel Yergin apparently thinks that Peak Oil is here.

Oil production will probably begin to decline this year, at one or two percent per year. Then, within a few short years the decline rate grow to between 4 and 8 percent a year:

http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3236
http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3203#more
http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3060

But the decline rate for the U.S. will seem far steeper: as U.S. oil production slows, as oil exporting nations reduce exports, and as more oil is consumed in the production of oil. Meanwhile back at the ranch, demand is increasing at about 2 percent per year. You can see where this is leading ): .

These realities will bring about strong price competition for oil. In 3 to 5 years, one can imagine big oil price increases at $250, $500, $1000, or $5000 per barrel. Such prices will generate high inflation, recession, and unemployment. Public policy decisions will to center on the "Qicksand Effect," as Chris Shaw describes it: http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=5964
The choice will be, shall we spend precious and increasingly expensive energy on alternatives and renewables, or shall we conserve that energy? The nation is ready for a Manhattan type project to develop alternative energies. But there is little real evidence that this approach will enable the nation to plant, harvest, and transport food and necessities and heat our homes and hospitals, etc. Before the nation embarks on the "Manhattan energy Project," it would be a good idea to give serious study to this question. One thing is certain, if a Manhattan energy project is created, it will go forward with some plan that will consume much fossil energy, even if that plan digs us faster toward energy depletion. Maybe a wiser policy is conserve the energy, engage in risk management planning, and try to make the hard landing a little softer. Landing is a euphemism for the number of fatalities. It would be helpful for Congress to commission the National Science Foundation to study the problem. This would limit the role of politics in answering scientific questions.

You said it far better than I could.
Instead I think we are heading for a crash and a hard landing would be good, relatively speaking. A soft landing is far too much to hope for.

Conservation and powering down is probably the best option but really a pipe dream. Human nature will not allow it.
What one person, locality, state or country does with conservation will have an equal and opposite.........using and/or hoarding that which is left over.

I do think when the proverbial penny drops The Manhattan Project zeal will result in half finished and poorly planned projects and mitigation schemes in all manner of locations and strengths. They will probably end up as monuments to desperation and deck chair shuffling.

If our human nature had allowed it we would have begun future planning in the 70's. Our nature hasn't changed in 30 odd years.

Our situation is akin to a spaceship on a journey to a new world.
The occupants on their journey have used too much air, food and fuel on parties and joy trips. Everyone will die if they all continue to consume as before. Some can survive, if...........................
there are very few choices.

Leanan stated it in a comment to Gails's story about the vulnerability of The Grid (to paraprase);

Less Energy means less Net Energy.

What this means in a few words less than C.J. just provided, or has published in his paper (on the coffee table thank you very much), is the decrease in petroleum fuels will result in a decrease of all energy sources. All the other energy methods are capitalized, constructed and maintained with petroleum fuels. Biomass, tidal, solar or wind will not compensate for the loss; and, nuclear will not fill the gap. There simply will be less.

This is a paradigm shift in our outlook for considering alternatives. And, it only supports the power down protocol. The chances of coming up with an alternative (and it would have to be multiples better in free energy) for petroleum fuels to seamlessly slip into our BAU has two chances - slim, and none.

On a personal commentary, I think TOD should stop running advertising for all these financial firms for profiting on the Peak Oil situation; such as The Backdoor Play Exxon Doesn't Want You to Discover, or the Bakken Black Gold Rush. Doesn't the slick opportunism, pandering, or soulless merchantialism ever stop? It's not funny anymore people, time to grow up and be a fully functional adult part of the species.

Can't wait to see that oil bit (see ad by www.InvestmentJ.com/Peak_Oil). Does it release the techno-genie from the deep offshore depths, or cause angels to dance on the head of a pin while extracting multiple deposits among highly fragmented deep structures at pennies per barrel? Parasites feeding on the desperate perspiration of those trying to eek out the last of the profiteering capitalism fantasy. I feel dinner coming back for a second round and it isn't going to taste so good this time!

"On a personal commentary, I think TOD should stop running advertising for all these financial firms for profiting on the Peak Oil situation; such as The Backdoor Play Exxon Doesn't Want You to Discover, or the Bakken Black Gold Rush. Doesn't the slick opportunism, pandering, or soulless merchantialism ever stop? It's not funny anymore people, time to grow up and be a fully functional adult part of the species."

I second that and would add that it is getting harder and harder to stomach.

The advertising is a brutal reminder, no doubt.. but isn't this also a fine example of 'Capitalism Selling you the Rope to hang it with?' The Messages here are rarely in conformity with the assumptions behind these Ads.. why not take their money to leverage new ideas?

We've all grown up with an increasing awareness of the glowing promises in marketing, and should be able to keep our heads clear as to what they are and are not. Maybe it's even Churchill's 'Protecting the Truth with a Bodyguard of Lies..'

Bob

I believe that the ads are auto generated by google adds. TOD doesn't have control over what is displayed unless it drops google adds, but then TOD would need another source of revenue to continue operating.

TOD faces ever present dangers of being co-opted by corporate interests. Those TOD editors who post high tech energy projects can be hired subsequently as consultants or speakers for the industry they have promoted. Without knowing it, they can be rewarded and thus corrupted. This is why governments attempt to regulate the activities of public officials during and after government service, at least for a short period of time.

The mission of TOD can be compromised. TOD posts many technofixs relative to the number of posts dealing with preparations for Peak Oil impacts. The message to the many readers among the public, industry, and government is that we can fix Peak Oil problems. This provides support for a Manhattan Energy Project, instead of what is needed -- a scientific study by the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council.

One of the main problems with the posting of the technofixes is that rarely if ever do the sponsors provide a real EROEI analysis. A real EROEI analysis must include all of the energy that is consumed in all of processes getting to the final product, from all of the ores, components, and parts from all over the world, and the transportation of parts, products, and employees, and the factories and energy that supplies them, and the salaries of all the employees in a thousand processes and transportation to get the technofix to market and then maintained, and all of the oil, natural gas, and coal that all of these thousands of employees use when they spend their salaries. Opportunity costs must be included too, for example, if biomass is taken out of production. And a real time frame for the life cycle must be established, given that Peak Oil means less oil to maintain everything, and that the power grid will go out.

TOD editors are making a big mistake if they attempt to play the role of the National Academy of Sciences. Rather, TOD can play a role in asking Congress to commission the NAS/NRC to study these issues. We could have a letter writing campaign to Members of Congress. Maybe they would favor this approach. I'm sure that most of them don't know what direction to go in concerning the energy crisis.

I would disagree in that over the years the readership has been well served by those in industry that have taken the time to provide information and their time to write on areas of their expertise. The degree of willingness to provide this advice has been a considerable contribution to the worth of the site. It has not been something that I have seen being much abused, as you would suggest.

I actually disagree with you on what the best path forward is (and yes I have been on an NRC panel). There was a program back in the 1970's out of NSF run by a guy called Bill Hakala. They were looking at different novel ways to drive tunnels (the plan at the time was to run a high-speed rail tunnel down the East Coast). For the first year he sensibly said that if you could come up with a half-way feasible concept, then he would put up $100,000 for you to do a one-year study and the odd experiment to prove whether it was viable. There was a lot of useful information generated on a wide variety of ideas (a Pueblo in NM got a new sewer system out of one idea) including some surprisingly good results from a couple of ideas that initially some of us thought were crazy.

My comments about technofix posts have to do with co-optation of editors/contributors who are located all over the globe, and their possibly being influenced on what to post. I'm not sure how you know that this has not been a problem, nor will be a problem. Influence is hard to detect. This is a problem for every organization.

You seem not to know what I am talking about when I refer to a NSF study, and you seem therefore to indicate that the NSF should not undertake a study similar to the 1977 study,“Energy in Transition 1985-2010”:

http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11771&page=R1

This 600 page study is the most comprehensive energy policy analysis ever undertaken. The study utilized some 350 scientists from various fields, with a mix of the scientists from industry, universities, government, and non-profits. Information was shared, panels provided findings to a central panel that wrote the report and recommendations. Scientists who concurred or disagreed with the findings or recommendations included statements in an appendix, so all analysis and recommendations could be challenged. It is the ideal approach for policy analysis.

You do not give any reason for this position. I am perplexed that you would oppose an NSF study of energy policy. This is the only way to get the best scientists in different fields to analyze diverse complex questions that are interrelated, which is the context of energy policy. A central problem of Peak Oil is a lack of analysis about what policies will serve the public best. As well all know, a lot of lives are at stake. Congress and the president need advice, and they are hearing vastly different solutions. Given the importance of Peak Oil, it is amazing that the NSF has not been examining overall/comprehensive energy policy on a continuing basis since 1977. How could we let 30 years of study go by.

Dear Heading Out and Cliff,

re: Heading Out says:

"I actually disagree with you on what the best path forward is (and yes I have been on an NRC panel)."

And then he says,

"...some surprisingly good results from a couple of ideas that initially some of us thought were crazy."

HO, did you mean to say "I actually AGREE WITH YOU..."

If we clear this up, I may be able to go on to ask my questions.

In 3 to 5 years, one can imagine big oil price increases at $250, $500, $1000, or $5000 per barrel.

A few months ago, someone had posted a neat little graphic looking like an upside-down pyramid, showing our energy infrastructure as having the least amount of investment of all the industrial sectors.

My guess is that the powers that be are terrified of the prospect of the enormous amounts of M3 in the world, looking for a home, will target commodities. Its my observation they are doing just that.

For a while, equities was absorbing M3. Then the Nasdaq crash.

Then Real Estate was absorbing M3. Now the subprime crisis and credit crunch. No more frivolously lent money to be gotten from investors who used to trust financial institutions for "a sound investment".

How does one store wealth? If equities, its worth only what others say its worth, and no one really has a "need" ( a felt deprivation ) for most of it. If real estate, most of its value was based on one being able to qualify for massive loans.

If one stores wealth in currency, the government just prints more, diluting the worth of the currency one holds.

Not only that, government has the gall to demand tax payment on the pittance of interest the bank offered, while simultaneously denying any deduction for the depreciation of its value. Talk about a *major* disincentive for anyone to keep wealth as deposits in a bank!

Then, on top of that, bank savers have to compete by offering their savings, which takes years of labor to accrue, in competition with the Fed, which opens up the discount window and offers banks whatever they want for peanuts.

Its a wonder anyone has bank CD investments.

Commodities, especially food and energy, represent one of the few things there is a natural limit to. This has become apparent only during the past couple of years.

We still have all the gold ever mined - somewhere. We didn't burn it. And its kinda useless. Its just something to have and trust others will value it and will trade something useful for it.

But there are other things in very limited supply, non-replaceable, and not being replenished. Potash. Phosphorous. Petroleum. And we *need* ( a *felt* deprivation! ) them. King Midas of lore shows us just how valuable gold is. How valuable is a glass of water?

In a scenario where you were marooned in the desert for a while, that one glass would be worth your life savings!

When it all boils down to what is really important to keep the whole circus on the road, its water, petroleum, and fertilizer. Water recycles naturally - and there is plenty of it, its just its in the wrong place or salty. Energy can be used to move or desalinate water - so that leaves Energy and Fertilizer as the biggies.

And that's what we are seeing going through the roof.

No one seemed to get all that excited when real estate prices doubled as a result of the flood of liquidity our Fed put into the system as a result of the Nasdaq crash.

Now we are seeing a paniced populace investing in the fundamental infrastructure which everything else depends on to run. Its like a person - denying healthy habits for years - now experiencing the results of unhealthy living and is finally taking steps to preserve the core biological system that runs his body.

Sums up my view pretty well. I get irritated when people advise paying off debt in the current environment. The correct thing to do is take on more debt as long as one can see a way to make the payments and relatively low interest rates can be had.

There is little reward for saving anymore, if there ever was any. Maybe keep enough cash on hand for emergencies. The general policy of the Fed is to make it impossible to earn a real income from savings and eventually wipe them out.

While a relatively small percentage get into trouble with too much debt, for most Americans debt is a protection from the irresponsible fiscal and monetary policy of the government. Add in the crazy foreign adventures of the Empire and debt becomes absolutely necessary to offset the inflationary effects on commodities of permanent war.

Sums up my view pretty well. I get irritated when people advise paying off debt in the current environment. The correct thing to do is take on more debt as long as one can see a way to make the payments and relatively low interest rates can be had.

There is little reward for saving anymore, if there ever was any. Maybe keep enough cash on hand for emergencies. The general policy of the Fed is to make it impossible to earn a real income from savings and eventually wipe them out.

While a relatively small percentage get into trouble with too much debt, for most Americans debt is a protection from the irresponsible fiscal and monetary policy of the government. Add in the crazy foreign adventures of the Empire and debt becomes absolutely necessary to offset the inflationary effects on commodities of permanent war.

Taking on more debt is good? Until you lose your job, and can't afford to finance the obligation. Being tossed out in the street doesn't strike me as sound fiscal policy. Sure, interest rates are relatively low, but domestic savings are at a negative rate right now. How long can the average household keep operating in that kind of state?
Let's say that US households managed to cut their expenditures by 10%. It would be good for their bottom line but devastating for the economy, incurring massive job losses. If they keep going the way they are, they're bled until they have to declare bankruptcy. We have a painful path ahead of us.

In a time of uncertainty, I locked in some certainties. I sold my large(ish) house and paid cash for another one, half the size, 3 blocks from a bus stop. The value of my house may drop, but then so will everyone else's. I may lose my job, but I'll still have a place to live. Gas may go to $10/gal., but I can ride the bus. I'm certain by paying off my house, I'll miss out on some good investment opportunities. I've also nearly eliminated the possibility of losing the capital I do have.
I spent a lot of time talking to my grandmother in the years before she died. The Roaring '20s sounded an awful lot like 1995-2005. She also told me that when the Depression hit, a lot of people thought "It can't happen to me.", but did.

Taking on *fixed interest rate(so they can't jack up rates when hyperinflation hits)* *non-collateralized(so they can't take your house when you lose your job)* debt may be a good idea if you can find it at low interest rates, and you have an easy means of investing it to gain significant return in order to offset inflation...

But if everybody could do that, there wouldn't be a recession. Recessions feed on themself by drying up those opportunities, as well as the money to put into them - If we cause one by pumping m3 to 400% of its previous value, the point where we reach the dollar being worth 25% of its former value (all other things being equal) is not some magic brick wall where we're able to call it over. By that point, everyone's livlihood is shredded, noone trusts investments anymore, banks have failed, everyone has lost their job and is trying to save money in a shoebox. Noone can buy anything from your promising new business because they don't have a job to pay for it.

The economy is not simply combinatorial (for a particular input, you get a particular output), it's the world's most complicated state machine (for a particular input and current condition, you get a particular output).

Not only that, government has the gall to demand tax payment on the pittance of interest the bank offered, while simultaneously denying any deduction for the depreciation of its value. Talk about a *major* disincentive for anyone to keep wealth as deposits in a bank!

3 points:
1) Tax law exists as a punishment tool, not as any balance the books revenue method. (Mr. Cheney's 'enjoy your audit' comment and the IRS official 'what do you expect if you sue the President' statement)
2) If 'money' gets taxed every time it changes hands, how do you keep it changing hands?
3) in money theory there is an idea of the velocity of money. Keeping money out of savings should mean more 'wealth effect' for everyone. (The reality seems to be, if you get 1% every transaction, tis best to keep the money moving for your pocketbook no?)

1) Tax law exists as a punishment tool, not as any balance the books revenue method.

Exactly why we have a "negative savings rate" in the US, and large segments of the population are literally running without financial "shock absorbers".

We have also passed all sorts of copyright and patent law which is being used to inhibit "free enterprise", aka "competition", aka "theft of a business model", as monopolistic enterprises are threatened with someone else who is willing to do the same thing for less.

I feel the rest of the world will look upon the USA as a flower that lasted only a couple of hundred years before its own politicians foolishly crafted legislation which economically suicided the nation for the benefit of a few.

Capitalism is NOT Free Enterprise. "Free Enterprise" is considered THEFT by capitalists as the monopoly model (gang lord's turf) is rendered moot.